Abstract
BACKGROUND: Caregivers’ healthcare-seeking behaviors (HSB) are critical in reducing child mortality and morbidity, particularly in developing countries. Children comprise a large proportion of the Palestinian population, yet under-five mortality remains a concern due to many preventable diseases. This study aimed to assess HSB and to determine the prevalence and predictors of appropriate HSB among caregivers of children under 5 years of age during common childhood illnesses in the West Bank in 2024. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the West Bank from June to August 2024, using a validated questionnaire developed by Webair et al. administered via face-to-face interview with a convenience sample of parents attending primary healthcare centers in four governorates. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis by chi-square test, and multivariable logistic regression to identify independent predictors. RESULTS: A total of 427 caregivers were interviewed; overall, 55.5% (95% CI: 50.8%–60.2%) demonstrated appropriate HSB. However, many initially relied on traditional or self-treatment methods, leading to delays in seeking professional care. Logistic regression analysis identified caregivers’ perceptions of illness as severe (OR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.60–3.72). and the presence of specific symptoms, particularly respiratory issues (OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.11–3.16) and fever (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.02–2.54), as significant predictors of appropriate HSB. Along with the place of residence (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.36–0.90), caregivers in cities are less likely than those in villages or camps to engage in appropriate HSB. CONCLUSION: We conclude that many caregivers delay seeking professional care, often relying on traditional or self-treatment, and that timely health-seeking is influenced by caregivers’ perceptions of illness severity, specific symptoms, and place of residence. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to support appropriate health-seeking behavior.