Abstract
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among females, and early detection plays a crucial role in disease management. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, practices, and barriers related to breast self-examination (BSE) and mammography among Saudi women in Arar City, Saudi Arabia. METHOD: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using an online Google Form distributed to women in Arar City. The survey collected sociodemographic data and assessed knowledge, practices, and barriers related to BSE and mammography. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 27.0.1, with significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The study included 385 females, with women aged 19-25 constituting nearly one-third of the population (n = 118; 30.6%). Most participants were married (n = 217; 56.4%) and held a bachelor's degree (n = 281; 73%). While 84.2% (n = 324) had heard of BSE and 80% (n = 308) demonstrated good knowledge, only 33.5% (n = 129) reported performing BSE. Regarding mammography, only 19.5% (n = 75) reported undergoing screening, despite 65.1% (n = 247) recognizing it as a safe procedure. Educational level (p = 0.018), prior knowledge of BSE (p = 0.009), and history of breast problems (p = 0.027) were significantly associated with higher knowledge scores. CONCLUSION: While women demonstrated good awareness and knowledge of BSE, its practice remains low, with many unaware of proper techniques, timing, and frequency. Mammography awareness and utilization were also limited, emphasizing the need for targeted educational campaigns to promote early detection and improve screening behaviours.