Abstract
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the significance of immunizations, particularly among susceptible populations such as children. This study examines the factors that influence parents' decision to accept or hesitate in vaccinating their children in an urban environment. METHODS: A one-year cross-sectional study was carried out at a paediatric hospital in Tehran, Iran. The objective is to target a demographic of 226 children, aged 5 to 18, residing in metropolitan locations, over the period of June to August 2023. An extensive survey, built upon previous research, analyzed the variables that influence the reluctance and acceptance of vaccines. Data on demographics, vaccination status, and variables influencing hesitation or acceptance were collected. RESULTS: Out of the 226 participants, 22.1% of the children had received vaccinations. There was a correlation between parents getting vaccinated and greater rates of child vaccination (100% vs. 92.9%, p = 0.073). Significant relationships were seen between age, parental education, and past COVID-19 hospitalizations. The main motivations for vaccination were to guarantee safety (66%) and to avert serious illness (60%). The primary reasons for hesitancy were primarily attributed to worries regarding potential harmful effects (58%), lack of trust in the vaccine (19.9%), and uncertainties regarding its efficacy (15.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The research emphasizes key factors that have a significant impact on the COVID-19 vaccination of children, such as age, previous hospitalization experiences, and parental attitudes. To boost vaccination rates in this demographic, it would be beneficial to address parental concerns regarding vaccine safety and enhance educational outreach regarding the advantages of vaccines. Public health programs should prioritize clear and open information and precise treatments to decrease vaccine reluctance.