Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although hypertension is a significant public health challenge globally, only a few studies have assessed the effectiveness of risk factor control and adherence to recommended lifestyle among United States hypertension patients. METHODS: In this study, a detailed, stratified analysis of the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was conducted to assess the adequacy of risk factor control and conformity to recommended lifestyle among United States patients with hypertension. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify influencing factors associated with not acheving risk factors and lifestyle targets. RESULTS: A total of 21,770 participants (mean age, 62 ± 15 years) were enrolled in this study. About one in five (20%) participants achieved the recommended body mass index goal, 40% achieved the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal, and 30% achieved the recommended waist circumference. Most patients (80%) achieved the recommended smoking goal, 58% met the recommended alcohol consumption, and 19% achieved the recommended physical activity goal. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age, gender, race, education, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus were independent predictors of not achieving risk factors and lifestyle targets. CONCLUSIONS: Controlling risk factors and adherence to recommended lifestyles are not ideal for hypertension patients. Therefore, further research should assess how to improve the compliance rate and take targeted measures based on influencing factors for long-term prognosis.