Abstract
A 10-year-old male neutered crossbreed dog and an 8-year-old female neutered greyhound presented after peracute onset of cerebellar dysfunction. The crossbreed dog had anisocoria with the left pupil being mydriatic, spontaneous conjugate rotatory nystagmus with fast phase to the left and delayed postural reactions on the left side. The greyhound had anisocoria with the left pupil being mydriatic, right positional ventral strabismus, absent menace response in the left eye and postural reaction deficits on the left side. For both dogs, the neuroanatomical localization was left cerebellum with paradoxical vestibular syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging identified a left cerebellar ischemic territorial infarct of the rostral cerebellar artery, involving the region of the left interposital nucleus. Both dogs were given supportive care and at 2-week follow-up the anisocoria had resolved. Anisocoria with mydriasis can be a clinical sign in dogs with naturally-occurring cerebellar ischemic infarcts in the region of the ipsilateral interposital nucleus.