Abstract
Cervical cancer, which is primarily caused by persistent infection with oncogenic high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) types, remains a substantial health problem with the highest incidence and mortality rates in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). HPV vaccination induces a robust immune response against the HPV types included in the vaccine and protects against subsequent development of cervical cancer precursors. Furthermore, countries with high vaccination coverage have observed a significant reduction in the incidence of cervical cancer. The vaccine has also been shown to be safe, with adverse effects generally limited to mild local reactions. Vaccination schedules vary from one to three doses, depending on the target population and region, with several countries moving to a single-dose schedule - a growing body of evidence supports the effectiveness of this, especially when given at a younger age. Public health strategies that support equitable and accessible vaccination are vital for achieving the WHO target of 90% of girls being fully vaccinated with the HPV vaccinate by the age of 15. The implementation and promotion of HPV vaccination programs are important components of the global efforts to eliminate cervical cancer.