Abstract
BACKGROUND: Every day, over a million sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are contracted worldwide, with Sub-Saharan Africa having the highest share of STIs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV, HBV, and reported STI-related syndromes during the Tigray war, considering the potential for increased transmission. METHODS: A three-year retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from November 2020 to June 2023. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the necessary data from the hospital. All population domains who visited the hospital were assessed for STIs and tested for HIV, and HBV were included in the study. The findings were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. RESULT: During the three years (November 2020 to June 2023), 927 STI cases (36%) were syndromically diagnosed and documented. Females had the highest share (85.5%) of the STI cases. There were six reported types of STI-related syndromes, and the top three major STI diagnoses were vaginal discharge (65.9%), pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) (16.2%), and urethral discharge (13.4%). Furthermore, the prevalence of HIV among all screened cases was 1.2%, whereas the prevalence of HBV was 1.7% among pregnant mothers and 8.3% among other tested individuals. CONCLUSION: The study revealed a high burden of HBV, HIV, and STI-related syndromes in the region, underscoring the necessity for post-war preventive strategies.