Abstract
BACKGROUND: Rapid analysis of community needs, perspectives, and concerns during global health emergencies is essential but technically challenging. In the past, emergency responders have struggled to listen to and engage affected communities because of perceptions about anticipated costs and time delays in receiving actionable results. TOOL DEVELOPMENT: The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Excel Tool for Thematic Analysis was developed over 5 years of assisting with emergency responses for Ebola, COVID-19, Sudan Ebolavirus, mpox, and the Ukraine crisis. Beginning with a simple Excel spreadsheet for coding Ebola-related community feedback, we continued to add new features as needs arose, such as preloaded epidemic and health emergency coding schemes, preprogrammed results tables, step-by-step thematic analysis instruction, YouTube training videos, and planning and communication tools for effective use of the results. IMPLEMENTATION: The tool is a customized Excel workbook for qualitative text coding and thematic analysis that enables the user to code and derive key themes from texts, such as interview and focus group transcripts, notes, surveys with open-ended questions, and social media comments. We review the 10 programmed worksheets for planning, cataloguing, coding, and thematically analyzing any kind of text data. CONCLUSION: The strategies for rapid community feedback analysis during health emergencies are a special application of qualitative analysis methodology to the health emergency setting, enabling a deep reading and transparent and defensible interpretation of the text. Skills learned while using the tool are easily transferable to analyses using licensed software or fully manual methods. The tool offers a step-by-step guide for anyone to analyze text data to answer a relevant question in or outside the context of emergencies.