Abstract
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to characterize global, regional, and national burden in bladder cancer attributable to high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG) from 1990 to 2021 and future forecasts to 2050. METHODS: The data were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study. Deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) data were analyzed via age-standardized rates. The estimated annual percentage change was computed. Age-period-cohort analysis was employed to estimate the age, period, and cohort effects of bladder cancer attributable to HFPG. Moreover, bayesian age-period-cohort model was utilized to project the burden of bladder cancer attributable to HFPG to 2050. RESULTS: The global deaths of bladder cancer attributable to HFPG increased from 6,092 cases in 1990 to 17,562 cases in 2021, while the age-standardized death rate rose from 0.176 per 100,000 people in 1990 to 0.213 per 100,000 people in 2021. The burden of bladder cancer attributable to HFPG rose in all socio-demographic index (SDI) regions. Singapore had lowest increase in age-standardized DALYs rate of bladder cancer attributable to HFPG from 1990 to 2021. The age group with the highest number of deaths was 80-84 age group, regardless of gender, with 805 females and 2,430 males. The burden of bladder cancer attributable to HFPG are generally on the rise from 2021 to 2050. CONCLUSIONS: The growing global burden of bladder cancer attributable to HFPG needs urgent health interventions, especially in high SDI regions. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable.