Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study examines the prevalence and determinants of CS deliveries in Ghana, with a focus on institutional, health-related, and contextual factors. STUDY DESIGN: Stratified two-stage cluster design, selecting 618 clusters using probability proportional to size (PPS) and systematic random sampling. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 4649 women who had given birth within the past five years. The respondents were interviewed using a standardised structured questionnaire and samples were obtained through stratified random sampling. Therefore, bivariate analysis and logistic regression were applied to the data in IBM SPSS version 21 to ascertain the prevalence, association and determinants of CS delivery at a p-value of 0.005. RESULTS: The prevalence of CS found in this current study is 20.1 %, which is higher than the recommended global benchmark range (10 %-15 %). Age, educational level, wealth index, religion, parity, twin status, access to healthcare, self-reported health status, and region significantly determined the likelihood of caesarean section delivery. CONCLUSION: The caesarean section rate in Ghana has risen to 20.1 %, reflecting both overuse among privileged groups and underuse among disadvantaged populations. Addressing these disparities with targeted, evidence-based interventions is crucial to ensure equitable and medically appropriate CS delivery.