Abstract
BACKGROUND: Failed induction of labour contributes to high caesarean section rates, posing risks to both maternal and neonatal health. Despite its clinical importance, limited data exists on the prevalence and determinants of failed induction of labour in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of failed induction of labour among women in public hospitals of central Ethiopia. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted across multiple health facilities. Data were extracted from the 386 randomly selected medical charts using a pre-tested checklist, then entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Multivariable Logistic regression analysis was performed and statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The prevalence of failed labor induction was 21.2%, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 17-25%. Factors significantly associated with failed induction included age over 30 years [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 6.78, 95% CI: 3.13-14.70], being a primigravida [AOR = 6.68, 95% CI: 3.10-14.40], a low Bishop score [AOR = 3.90, 95% CI: 1.62-9.39], and premature rupture of membranes [AOR = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.42-7.54]. CONCLUSION: The study identified a high rate of failed labour induction. Key factors contributing to failed labour induction included maternal age over 30 years, primigravida status, a low Bishop score, and premature rupture of membranes. Enhanced monitoring and follow-up are necessary to mitigate potential adverse effects on both maternal and fetal health.