Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of chronic venous disorders (CVDs) and identify the associated risk factors among rural adults in Tamil Nadu, South India. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in four rural villages in Tamil Nadu, involving 1151 participants aged ≥18 years. A two-stage cluster sampling approach was used, selecting one large village from each Primary Health Centre area and enrolling all eligible adults from consecutive streets until the sample size was met. Repeated visits ensured inclusion of temporarily absent individuals. Data were collected using structured interviews and clinical assessments, including anthropometric measurements. The prevalence of CVD and associated factors, such as socioeconomic status, smoking, alcohol consumption, parity, diet, and BMI, was assessed. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of CVD. RESULTS: The prevalence of CVD was 7.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.7%-8.8%). The most common forms of CVD were varicose veins (4.5%) and telangiectasias (2.1%). Among women, multivariate logistic regression analysis identified parity of one or less (adjusted odd ratio [aOR], 0.07; 95% CI, 0.01-0.53; P = .010) and daily fruit consumption (aOR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.14-0.49; P < .001) as factors independently associated with lower odds of CVD. CONCLUSIONS: CVDs are prevalent in rural Tamil Nadu, with varicose veins and telangiectasia being the most common. Parity of one or less and daily fruit intake were identified as factors independently associated with a lower odds of CVD. Public health interventions that promote healthy lifestyle choices, including weight management and improved dietary habits, could play a crucial role in preventing CVD in rural populations.