Abstract
Hypertension is a major global health challenge, with many patients failing to achieve optimal blood pressure (BP) control. Digital health and telemedicine interventions offer a potential solution by enabling remote monitoring and personalized management. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these technologies in improving clinical and behavioral outcomes in adults with hypertension. This review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search of multiple databases was performed for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2020 and 2025. Thirteen studies meeting the inclusion criteria were selected. Data on study characteristics, BP outcomes, medication adherence, and lifestyle changes were extracted. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used for quality assessment, and a narrative synthesis was performed due to the heterogeneity of the interventions. The included studies demonstrated that digital interventions, such as smartphone applications, SMS messaging, and remote monitoring, led to significant reductions in systolic BP. Improvements in diastolic BP, BP control rates, and medication adherence were also observed. Furthermore, the interventions were associated with positive lifestyle modifications, including reduced sodium intake, increased physical activity, and enhanced self-management capabilities. The methodological quality of most studies was assessed as having a low risk of bias. Digital health and telemedicine interventions are effective tools for improving hypertension management. They contribute to significant BP reduction, better control rates, and positive behavioral changes. Future research should focus on long-term sustainability, comparative effectiveness, and strategies to ensure equitable access to these technologies.