Abstract
High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a marker of systemic inflammation and is associated with developing dyslipidemia. However, the causality between hs-CRP and dyslipidemia remains unresolved. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between hs-CRP concentrations and dyslipidemia and to explore the potential causal link using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. A nested case-control study was conducted with 1174 participants, and genotype data were analyzed using the Korean Chip. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified rs76400217 as a suitable instrumental variable (IV) due to its significant association with hs-CRP (p < 10(-8)). Logistic regression models, adjusted for confounders, were used to evaluate the association between hs-CRP and dyslipidemia. An MR analysis was performed using a two-stage least squares (2SLS) method, with rs76400217 as the IV to assess causality. Logistic regression showed a significant association between hs-CRP concentrations and dyslipidemia (OR 2.08, 95% CI: 1.81-2.39, p < 0.001). This association remained significant after adjusting for factors such as age, sex, alcohol consumption, and BMI. The MR analysis using rs76400217 as the IV confirmed the strong associations with hs-CRP concentrations (p < 0.001) in all models, but the causality between hs-CRP and dyslipidemia was not statistically significant. Thus, no evidence of a causal relationship between hs-CRP and the risk of dyslipidemia was found in the Korean population. The strong association observed between hs-CRP and dyslipidemia may be due to other contributing factors rather than a direct cause.