Conclusions
IRS-4 may be implicated in CVeD development and progression. Therefore, IRS-4 could be a potential diagnostic or therapeutic target for patients with this condition.
Methods
We conducted a histopathological study to analyze IRS-4 protein expression in CVeD patients compared with healthy controls.
Results
Our results demonstrate a significant increase in IRS-4 expression in VV tissue. Conclusions: IRS-4 may be implicated in CVeD development and progression. Therefore, IRS-4 could be a potential diagnostic or therapeutic target for patients with this condition.
