Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether postponing daily medical rounds to provide additional preparation time for residents reduces round duration and alters time allocation during rounds, with the hypothesis that increased preparation leads to more efficient rounds without reducing patient contact. DESIGN: Time and motion study with a before-and-after comparison. SETTING: Internal medicine division of Lausanne University Hospital, a Swiss tertiary teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: 75 residents; 60% women; mean age of 29.6 years and 3.0 years of training. INTERVENTION: In 2017, the daily work schedule was reorganised by postponing rounds from 09:00 to 10:00 and moving educational sessions to the afternoon, thereby freeing 90 min to prepare patient cases before rounds. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the duration of rounds and the proportion thereof spent with patients, using computer systems or in discussion with colleagues. Secondary outcomes included the detailed distribution of resident activities during the officially scheduled round period, particularly time dedicated to supervision, teaching and administrative tasks. RESULTS: Round duration decreased from 142 min per shift (95% CI 128 to 156) in 2015 to 112 min (95% CI 101 to 124) in 2018 (p=0.001). The proportion of round time spent directly with patients remained stable at 47%. Computer use during rounds decreased from 43% to 32% (p<0.001). During the official round period, time allocated to supervision and teaching increased from 12% to 32% (p=0.002), while time spent on administrative tasks decreased from 54% to 41% (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Postponing rounds to allow more preparation time was associated with shorter, possibly more efficient rounds, reduced computer use in patient presence and increased supervision and teaching. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN69703381, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN69703381 (registration date: 24 April 2018).