Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is conserved between fish and mammals, except for TLR4, which is absent in most fish. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate whether TLR4 is expressed in Schizothorax prenanti (SpTLR4). The SpTLR2 and SpTLR4 were cloned and identified, and their tissue distribution was examined. The cDNA encoding SpTLR4 and SpTLR2 complete coding sequences (CDS) were identified and cloned. Additionally, we examined the expression levels of seven SpTLRs (SpTLR2, 3, 4, 18, 22-1, 22-2, and 22-3), as well as SpMyD88 and SpIRF3 in the liver, head kidney, hindgut, and spleen of S. prenanti, after intraperitoneal injection of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C)). The SpTLR2 and SpTLR4 shared amino acid sequence identity of 42.15-96.21% and 36.21-93.58%, respectively, with sequences from other vertebrates. SpTLR2 and SpTLR4 were expressed in all S. prenanti tissues examined, particularly in immune-related tissues. Poly (I:C) significantly upregulated most of the genes evaluated in the four immune organs compared with the PBS-control (p < 0.05); expression of these different genes was tissue-specific. Our findings demonstrate that TLR2 and TLR4 are expressed in S. prenanti and that poly (I:C) affects the expression of nine TLR-related genes, which are potentially involved in S. prenanti antiviral immunity or mediating pathological processes with differential kinetics. This will contribute to a better understanding of the roles of these TLR-related genes in antiviral immunity.