Abstract
PURPOSE: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of artifacts in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images with acceptable signal strength and evaluate the performance of supervised deep learning models in improving OCT image quality assessment. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study on 4555 OCT images from 546 patients, with each image having an acceptable signal strength (≥6). A comprehensive analysis of prevalent OCT artifacts was performed, and five pretrained convolutional neural network models were trained and tested to infer images based on quality. RESULTS: Our results showed a high prevalence of artifacts in OCT images with acceptable signal strength. Approximately 21% of images were labeled as nonacceptable quality. The EfficientNetV2 model demonstrated superior performance in classifying OCT image quality, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.950 ± 0.007 and an area under the precision recall curve of 0.985 ± 0.002. CONCLUSIONS: The findings highlight the limitations of relying solely on signal strength for OCT image quality assessment and the potential of deep learning models in accurately classifying image quality. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE: Application of the deep learning-based OCT image quality assessment models may improve the OCT image data quality for both clinical applications and research.