Abstract
The World Health Organization recognizes frailty and multimorbidity as major global health issues and underscores the need for effective interventions. Recent advances have identified interleukin-11 (IL-11), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, as a key player in modulating aging pathways (such as ERK, AMPK, mTOR and JAK-STAT3). Studies have shown that IL-11 inhibition can lead to improved health span and lifespan in animal models, with potential applications in humans. By targeting IL-11, researchers aim to mitigate age-related diseases, such as cancer, fibrosis, and multimorbidity, which pose significant healthcare challenges worldwide. IL-11 inhibition offers a promising strategy, with preclinical trials demonstrating its ability to regenerate renal cells, reduce hepatocyte death, and mitigate liver fibrosis. Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the mechanisms of IL-11 inhibition and its therapeutic potential. If successful, this approach could lead to the development of novel pharmacological interventions, promoting healthier aging and increasing human lifespan.