Abstract
Thrombolytic therapy plays an important role in treating venous thromboembolic events in patients with unstable hemodynamics or compromised limb circulation. Standard catheter-directed thrombolysis requires a lower dosage of thrombolytic agents than systemic thrombolysis, thus lowering the risk of bleeding. Pharmacomechanical catheter- directed thrombolysis further decreases the dose of thrombolytic agents and duration of infusion. Percutaneous mechanical thrombolysis may potentially become an alternative for patients not suitable for thrombolytic agents. With an increasing number of devices and ongoing trials, endovascular therapy is a promising development that may improve both safety and efficacy in treating venous thromboembolic diseases.