Abstract
WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS TOPIC? The number of reported cases of human brucellosis significantly increased from 45,046 (3.25/100,000) in 2019 to 70,439 (4.99/100,000) in 2023. WHAT IS ADDED BY THIS REPORT? Human brucellosis continued to spread and expand of in northern China, with the most cases reported in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (n=87,961), Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (n=27,845) and Shanxi Province (n=21,932). In southern China, reported cases increased substantially from 2,036 in 2019 to 5,128 in 2023. Joinpoint regression analysis revealed an upward trend in incidence rate across 29 provincial-level administrative divisions (PLADs), with an annual percent change (APC) of 12.86, (P<0.05), with particularly rapid increases observed in most southern PLADs. Spatiotemporal analysis identified high-risk clusters concentrated in the northwestern and northeastern regions. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE? With the continued worsening of human brucellosis over the past five years, implementing strict controls on the movement of infected animals is urgeent.