Abstract
WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS TOPIC? Low fertility rates have become the most important risk affecting the balanced development of the population in China. WHAT IS ADDED BY THIS REPORT? About 80.0% of childless women had fertility intentions, 31.9% of women with one child and 11.3% of women with two children intended to have a second and third child, respectively. Women with one child who had an agricultural Hukou, were younger than 30 years old, were remarried, and had received a deduction or reimbursement for childbirth expenses during their first delivery were more willing to have a second child. Women with two children who had an agricultural Hukou and a upper-middle personal income, were self-employed, and had two daughters were more willing to have a third child. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE? In China, women's willingness to have more children is not optimistic. To increase their desire for more children, creating a more favorable fertility environment for reproductive-age women and providing more preferential fertility policies for pregnant women will be necessary.