Abstract
WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS TOPIC? Previous research indicates that non-occupational physical activity can reduce mortality risk. Nevertheless, the relationship between occupational physical activity and health improvements has not been consistently established. WHAT IS ADDED BY THIS REPORT? The study found that regular exercise and leisure activities reduced the risk of all-cause mortality. However, the combination of exercise and leisure activities demonstrated more substantial benefits. Additionally, no meaningful association was identified between physical work and mortality risk within the older population. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE? It may be beneficial to encourage older adults to engage in regular exercise and to partake actively in leisure activities. Combining these two elements might yield greater benefits than regular exercise alone.