Abstract
What is already known on this topic? Triatomines, also known as kissing bugs, are widespread vectors for Chagas disease which affects 6-8 million people worldwide. Two species of triatomines have been previously reported in China. What is added by this report? This study showed data from the first investigation of triatomine distribution in China. Triatoma rubrofasciata and a novel species of triatomine in 170 habitats in 30 cities in southern China were recorded in this investigation. What are the implications for public health practice? Considering the worldwide spread of Chagas disease and new species of trypanosomiasis, strengthening the monitoring of triatomines and their associated diseases in southern China is vital to prevent and control these diseases.