Abstract
BACKGROUND: Botulinum neurotoxins in aesthetic medicine require reconstitution before administration, which may be inconvenient and present errors among injectors. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ready-to-use nivobotulinumtoxinA liquid formulation for the treatment of glabellar lines (GL) with or without treatment of lateral canthal lines (LCL). METHODS: Two multicenter, phase 3, double-blind, randomized trials enrolled participants with moderate-to-severe GL (Study 001) or moderate-to-severe GL + LCL (Study 005). Participants received double-blind nivobotulinumtoxinA (20 U) or placebo (Period 1) then ≤2 open-label nivobotulinumtoxinA GL treatments (Period 2) in Study 001 or double-blind nivobotulinumtoxinA 20 U (GL), nivobotulinumtoxinA 44 U (GL + LCL), or placebo (Period 1) then ≤2 double-blind injections of the same treatment (Period 2) in Study 005. The composite primary endpoint was the proportion of participants achieving a ≥2-grade improvement on a facial wrinkle scale at maximum frown on investigator and participant assessment; coprimary endpoints were investigator- and participant-assessed FWS "none or mild" ratings. RESULTS: At Day 30, significantly higher responder rates were observed for the composite primary endpoint with GL treatment alone (Study 001, 46.1%; Study 005, 45.1%) and GL + LCL (Study 005, 41.3%) vs placebo (0%; all P < .001). Responder rates of "none or mild" by investigator and participant assessment, respectively, were significantly higher for GL treatment alone (Study 001, 77.2% and 65.0%; Study 005, 74.3% and 68.8%) and GL + LCL (Study 005, 74.0% and 61.2%) vs placebo (all P < .001). Adverse events were similar between treatment groups and placebo. CONCLUSIONS: Liquid nivobotulinumtoxinA was effective and well tolerated for treating moderate-to-severe GL alone or with LCL.