Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major contributor to the health and economic burden of disease globally. In this paper we discuss the literature on the health economics of the prevention and early intervention in CVD. We reveal the large economic impact of CVD and provide the economic argument supporting the calls for early detection and diagnosis of CVD outlined in the Global Heart Hub's patient-led Manifesto for Change. Many challenges in conducting cost-effectiveness analyses of interventions for CVD prevention are identified, as well as the emerging statistical and economic methods to help overcome these issues. Lastly, we acknowledge the profound disparities in cardiovascular health faced by minority or underserved populations, and the important role that prevention and early intervention can play in improving health equity.