Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Alveolar bone reconstruction or regeneration demands the interim porous scaffold. It possesses adequate mechanical properties to enable it to withstand injured bones. These scaffolds are used to regulate the cell growth that migrate from surrounding tissue or are implanted within porous scaffold. This study is devoted to the manufacturing of 3D porous scaffolds and application on repair and regeneration of alveolar bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Graphene oxide (GO) was mixed with poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) material to fabricate 3D porous scaffolds by a solvent-casting/particulate-leaching method. The effects of various concentrations of GO (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 wt.%) in PCL/GO scaffolds were focused on biological and physical properties. The human osteosarcoma cell (MG-63) in vitro was determined the biocompatibility of PCL/GO scaffolds. RESULTS: The PCL/GO scaffolds had the large porosity (greater than 88 %) in this study (P < 0.05). The Young's modulus of PCL/GO scaffold matched with human alveolar cancellous bone and it could be employed as the repair and support on this bone. The degradation rate of PCL/GO scaffolds was much lower than that of PCL scaffolds. The MG-63 cell displayed excellent attachment and proliferation on the PCL/GO scaffolds. CONCLUSION: The 3D porous scaffold had an interconnected structure and its pore diameter was from 250 to 400 μm. Graphene oxide changes the surface properties of the 3D porous scaffold from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. The ALP assay indicated that MG-63 cell differentiated better in PCL/GO scaffolds containing 1 wt.% GO than on other scaffolds.