Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This randomized, parallel-group clinical trial aimed to evaluate the one-year clinical performance of the Beautibond Xtreme adhesive system (Shofu Inc., Kyoto, Japan) applied with different bonding strategies in Class I and Class II posterior restorations. METHODOLOGY: A total of 22 patients (14 female and 8 male, aged ≥18 years) requiring restorative treatment provided 152 teeth with Class I or Class II carious lesions or defective restorations. Restorations were randomly assigned to six groups, including two control groups (Class I and II using the total-etch technique) and four test groups (Class I and II using either the self-etch technique or selective enamel etching). All restorations were performed using Beautibond Xtreme adhesive combined with Beautifill LS composite resin. Clinical performance was assessed at baseline, six months, and one year using modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria, including anatomic form, marginal adaptation, marginal discoloration, color match, surface texture, secondary caries, postoperative sensitivity, and retention. Randomization was performed with a computer-generated sequence, and two calibrated, blinded examiners (Kappa = 0.84) conducted all evaluations. RESULTS: No significant changes were observed in anatomic form, color match, surface texture, secondary caries, postoperative sensitivity, or retention over time in any group (p>0.05). However, restorations performed using the self-etch technique showed significant deterioration in marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration from baseline to six months and one year (p<0.05). Significant differences were also observed when comparing these restorations to the total-etch and selective enamel etching groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The Beautibond Xtreme adhesive system demonstrated better clinical performance when applied with total-etch or selective enamel etching techniques compared to the self-etch mode for both Class I and Class II restorations after one year of follow-up.