Abstract
BACKGROUND: To explore the association between gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and in-hospital heart failure (HF) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: A total of 412 patients diagnosed with STEMI and treated with primary PCI were included in our study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between GGT and the risk of in-hospital HF in STEMI patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the accuracy of GGT in predicting in-hospital HF. RESULTS: The incidence of HF after STEMI increased significantly with increasing GGT tertiles (the first, second, and third tertile groups were 7.97%, 14.49%, and 18.38%, respectively; p = 0.039). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk of HF in the second and third GGT tertile groups was 2.51 times greater (95% CI, 1.06-5.96) and 2.77 times greater (95% CI, 1.13-6.81), respectively, than that in the first GGT tertile group. Each 1-unit increase in the lnGGT level was related to a 1.88-fold increased risk of HF (odds ratio, OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.19-2.96; p = 0.007). Restricted cubic splines suggested a linear relationship between GGT and in-hospital HF (p for nonlinearity = 0.158). The area under the curve was 0.607 (95% CI, 0.558-0.654; p = 0.007) when GGT was used to predict in-hospital HF, with a sensitivity of 57.14% and a specificity of 64.04%. Moreover, the incidence of HF significantly increased in-hospital death risk (OR, 7.75; 95% CI, 1.87-32.12; p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: GGT is positively associated with in-hospital HF and is an independent risk factor for in-hospital HF in STEMI patients.