Abstract
BACKGROUD: Hyphoderma setigerum (Fr.) Donk is a white-rot wood-decaying corticoid fungal species. It occurs worldwide from tropical to temperate regions. However, taxonomic studies in recent decades showed that H. setigerum is a species complex with four separate species, before this study. RESULTS: Hyphoderma pinicola sp. nov. was collected on dead wood of Pinus yunnanensis Franch. in the temperate montane belt at 2200-2400 m altitudes, in Yunnan Province of China. Within the H. setigerum complex this new taxon is distinguished by having 2-sterigmate basidia, long basidiospores, and nearly naked septocystidia. A description and illustrations of this new species are provided, along with a key to five species of the H. setigerum complex. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on 5.8S-ITS2 sequences indicated that H. pinicola belongs to the H. setigerum complex and has a separate position within the clade including H. subsetigerum and H. setigerum s.s. Bayesian inference of phylogeny based on two datasets, ITS and 28S nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences, confirmed the independent status of H. pinicola. CONCLUSION: Morphological and phylogenetic studies showed that H. pinicola represents a fifth species of H. setigerum complex.