Abstract
Bioinformatics has become central to modern genomics and data-intensive life science research, yet capacity development across Africa remains uneven. This review examines the evolution of bioinformatics capacity on the continent, evaluating historical investments in training, infrastructure, and collaborative research initiatives. Using narrative synthesis, we assess major continental programs including H3Africa and post-H3ABioNet initiatives. Evidence reviewed suggests that bioinformatics capacity development is most sustainable when skills development and research facilities investments are embedded within funded, data-generating research programs. Regional case studies show that research-led environments promote workforce retention and scientific productivity. Persistent challenges including infrastructure limitations and uneven investment continue to affect analytical capacity and competitiveness. The review proposes a demand-driven framework in which sustained research funding, data production, and embedded training mutually reinforce long-term bioinformatics development. Such an approach may better support locally led genomic research and strengthen Africa’s participation in global data science and precision health initiatives.