Abstract
PURPOSE: To explore how finite-element calculations can continue to contribute to diverse problems in ophthalmology and vision science, we describe our recent work on modeling the force on the peripheral retina in intravitreal injections and how that force increases with shorter, smaller gauge needles. We also present a calculation that determines the location and stress on a retinal pigment epithelial detachment during an intravitreal injection, the possibility that stress induced by the injection can lead to a tear of the retinal pigment epithelium. BACKGROUND: Advanced computational models can provide a critical insight into the underlying physics in many surgical procedures, which may not be intuitive. METHODS: The simulations were implemented using COMSOL Multiphysics. We compared the monkey retinal adhesive force of 18 Pa with the results of this study to quantify the maximum retinal stress that occurs during intravitreal injections. CONCLUSIONS: Currently used 30-gauge needles produce stress on the retina during intravitreal injections that is only slightly below the limit that can create retinal tears. As retina specialists attempt to use smaller needles, the risk of complications may increase. In addition, we find that during an intravitreal injection, the stress on the retina in a pigment epithelial detachment occurs at the edge of the detachment (found clinically), and the stress is sufficient to tear the retina. These findings may guide physicians in future clinical research. NOTE: Publication of this article is sponsored by the American Ophthalmological Society.