Abstract
BACKGROUND: The advent and widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has remarkably changed the paradigm of HIV infection, increasing substantially the lifespan and quality of life of people affected. Accordingly and responding to policy makers and international directives, many strategies were put in place in Cameroon to accelerate ART uptake, including the community dispensation of ART through community-based organizations (CBOs). MAIN BODY: In its strategic plan to curb the burden of HIV/AIDS and as part of accelerating and reinforcing the provision of ART to all people living with HIV (PLWH), Cameroon opted for different strategies including the dispensation of ART in the community through well identified and tutored CBOs. Actually, financing of ART in Cameroon is mainly the conjugation of resources from the Government and its technical and financial partners, basically the Global Funds supplemented by supports from the Unitaid initiative which allows PLWH residing in Cameroon to benefit from continuous ART without spending a dime. However, this external funding will end-up by 2020. Therefore, there is urgent need to think of alternative and efficient strategies to sustain the fight against HIV/AIDS in Cameroon, especially the provision of ART to patients through community dispensation. Some studies carried out in sub-Saharan African countries have shown that mutual health insurance seems to be a solution with great potential to improve access to quality care, mobilize the necessary funds, improve efficiency of the health sector, and promote dialogue and democratic governance in the health sector along with social and institutional development of the society. CONCLUSIONS: The pooling of associations of PLWH in Cameroon and other countries of sub-Saharan Africa in line with the Bamako Initiative constitutes a promising strategy that would undoubtedly help to offset the withdrawal of funding from external sources, and allow an appropriation of the fight against HIV/AIDS by those concerned at the first place. Nevertheless, other lines of research of financing could be explored in the economic sector.