Abstract
Malaria is one of the major public health problems in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia. Children under the age of five are immunologically naive to plasmodium parasites, making them the most vulnerable group to clinical manifestations of malaria infection. Despite the severity of the disease in children under five years of age, most studies on malaria focus on the adult population. In the present study, a cross-sectional study design based on health facilities was used during the minor malaria season from February 18 to May 28, 2023, at Mohammed Akile Memorial General Hospital, in Afar Regional State, district of Amibara located in the town of Berta. The finding revealed that 19.8% prevalence among symptomatic children with 61.04% and 38.96% of P. falciparum and P. vivax, respectively. In the present study area, malaria infection in children under five years of age is significantly associated with the presence of stagnant water in the residential area, inappropriate or no use of insecticide-treated net, and indoor residual spraying (IRS). The prevalence of malaria among symptomatic children under five years of age is higher compared to the national prevalence of malaria among the general population. Therefore, community mobilization through health promotion, aiming to interrupt the transmission of malaria at the community level, is paramount.