Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have dramatically improved the prognosis of NSCLC. However, various immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have been reported. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is an irAE that is occasionally severe and life-threatening. CRS is a major irAE of the chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and a rare irAE for anti-programmed cell death protein-1 and programmed death-ligand 1 therapy. Therefore, reports of CRS were rare in NSCLC, but after approval of anti-programmed cell death protein-1 and anti-programmed death-ligand 1 plus anti-CTLA-4 antibodies, reports of CRS are increasing. We, here, report two cases of successful tocilizumab treatment for steroid pulse-refractory CRS in chemotherapy with durvalumab plus tremelimumab for NSCLC.