Abstract
BACKGROUND: Our research aimed to study the effect and mechanism of tryptase on ovarian fibrosis. METHODS: The POI mouse model was established by cisplatin at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg for ten days, while the control mice were given the same volume of saline. C57BL/6 female mice were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mg/kg cromolyn (n = 20 per group) or sterile saline (n = 20 per group) at two days before cisplatin treatment to assess the effect of cromolyn sodium on ovarian function and fibrosis. The ovaries of each mouse were collected for histological examination and collagen levels analysis. The effects of mast cells and tryptase on collagen I protein expression were investigated in primary mouse ovarian theca-stroma cells in vitro. The levels of sex hormones and tryptase were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: Tryptase secreted by activated mast cells induced COL1A1 and COL1A2 production, two subunits of collagen I in mouse theca-stroma cells by protease-activated receptor-2 signaling. Inhibition of PAR2 or Bcl-xL attenuated the increases of COL1A1 and COL1A2 caused by tryptase. In addition, knockdown of RNF152 reversed the downregulation of collagen production caused by si-Bcl-xL. Clinically, tryptase levels in serum and follicular fluid were higher in both bPOI and POI patients than in controls. Tryptase concentrations in serum and follicular fluid were positively associated with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and negatively associated with anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). Cromolyn sodium, a mast cell stabilizer, reduced collagen I production, but had no effect on hormone synthesis and follicle number in a cisplatin-induced POI mouse model. CONCLUSIONS: Tryptase might be associated with the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced POI by promoting ovarian fibrosis through PAR2 via stabilization of Bcl-xL.