Abstract
BACKGROUND: Coronary artery vasculitis (CAV) is a relatively rare etiology of coronary artery disease (CAD), which could lead to recurrent complications once treated with coronary stents. However, differentiating between CAV and atherosclerotic CAD is challenging. CASE SUMMARY: Included in this case series were 10 symptomatic patients who were initially considered as having atherosclerotic CAD but were eventually diagnosed with CAV at our center from August 2021 to October 2024. We describe the clinical and imaging characteristics of these patients. DISCUSSION: This case series shows several classic CAV characteristics on coronary computed tomography angiography, raising the awareness of CAV misdiagnosis and highlighting the importance of timely order and dedicated imaging analysis for the diagnosis of CAV. TAKE-HOME MESSAGE: Coronary computed tomography angiography can provide comprehensive information on plaque characteristics, coronary artery wall abnormalities, and pericoronary inflammation, which can help cardiologists and radiologists differentiate between CAV and atherosclerotic CAD.