Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important modulators of eukaryotic gene expression. By targeting protein coding transcripts, miRNAs influence the cellular transcriptome and proteome, thus helping to determine cell fate. MiRNAs have emerged as crucial molecules in cancer research, in which recent studies have linked erratic expression of miRNAs to carcinogenesis and have provided solid evidence for their potential in cancer therapy. This review briefly summarises the recent knowledge on the involvement of miRNAs in tumourigenesis and reviews current studies on the therapeutic strategies and advances in the delivery of miRNAs.