Abstract
BACKGROUND: The fifth industrial revolution, which is also known as Industry 5.0, involves the interaction of human intelligence and cognitive computing to deliver personalised products. Industry 5.0 is an advancement on the inherent pillars of Industry 4.0 revolution with the 'Personalisation of Automation and Efficiency'. AIMS: In this article, we explore the evolution of the Industry 5.0 revolution in the branch of trauma and orthopaedics. We highlight the interface of human intelligence, Robotic technology, and Smart machine systems in the development of personalised care for patients with orthopaedic conditions. METHODS: A comprehensive search strategy was conducted using databases of Embase, PubMed, Google Scholar and ResearchGate to discover the suitable literature published till March 2022 on the subject. The keywords used for the search included "Industry 5.0" and "Orthopaedics" to identify the appropriate literature and prepare this narrative review. RESULTS: Industry 5.0 revolution appears to have made significant expansion on Industry 4.0 enabled technologies. Innovations in computer technology, implant designs, orthopaedic research, increased collaboration between humans, Robots and smart systems have led to multiple inventions. Industry 5.0 has led to the development of patient-specific implants, instruments, and devices in the sub-specialty of trauma and orthopaedics. CONCLUSION: Evolution of Industry 5.0 has paved the way to introduce personalised products in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of a spectrum of orthopaedic pathologies. By enabling automation and enhancing labour efficiency, Industry 5.0 has made it possible to engineer patient-specific tools, instruments and implants to improve clinical, functional, and Patient Related Outcome Measures (PROMs).