Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) can induce cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and prostacyclin I-2 (PGI-2) release in endothelial cells to exert multiple antiatherogenic functions. This effect has been attributed mainly to the role of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) integrated in HDL. However, whether apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), the major apolipoprotein of HDL, could induce COX-2 expression and PGI-2 release still remains unclear. In the present study, we selectively delipidated HDL and confirmed that apoA-I could facilitate COX-2 expression and PGI-2 production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). ApoA-I, but not trypsinized apoA-I, induced COX-2 expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner consistent with a key role for apoA-I in this process. Additionally, cotreatment of apoA-I with S1P further enhanced COX-2 expression and PGI-2 production in HUVECs. These effects triggered by apoA-I were not inhibited by pertussis toxin, consistent with SIP receptor independent pathway for apoA-I effect. Moreover, we demonstrated that the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular receptor kinase (ERK) 1/2, and JAK2 pathways by apoA-I was involved in the expression of COX-2 and the release of PGI-2 in HUVECs, and these effects were inhibited by their specific inhibitors, respectively. Small interfering RNA experiments showed that ATP binding-cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) was required for COX-2 expression and PGI-2 release induced by apoA-I. Thus our results indicate that apoA-I induces COX-2 expression and PGI-2 release through ABCA1 and the activation of intracellular p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, as well as JAK2 pathways, and apoA-I can reinforce these effects with S1P in HUVECs. These novel effects of apoA-I could in part mediate antiatherogenic effects of HDL.