Abstract
An 8-year-old Portuguese Water Dog presented with a 5-month history of left forelimb lameness. There was palmar pain. Ultrasonography revealed enlargement of the left median nerve. Subsequent MRI also showed enlargement of the median nerve in the distal palmar to the mid-forearm region. Rapid intraoperative diagnosis suggested malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) and a neurotomy was performed. The lameness had almost disappeared in 1 month after surgery. Recurrence occurred 26 months postoperatively and the forelimb was amputated. At 950 days after the neurotomy, radiography revealed lung metastasis, and the dog died 988 days after the neurotomy. Neurotomy for MPNST should be performed with caution until more information is available regarding methods for early detection, margin determination, and indication determination for neurotomy.