Abstract
Surveys are widely used to assess hospital management with the aim of understanding differences in management practices. However, survey measures with prior notice can make hospitals change their routine practices and are unable to reflect the actual hospital management level. The World Management Survey (WMS) methodology has been developed to ameliorate these issues. It uses a double-blinded method and open-ended question design. The Chinese Hospital Management Survey (CHMS) project is the first to adapt the WMS methodology in China, which it uses to measure hospital management level in 510 hospitals. This paper provides an instrument to better measure actual management practices, which makes it possible to compare the management level of hospitals in China and other countries.