Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Depression is one of the most common mental disorders among elderly subjects. The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the association between soybeans consumption and depressive symptoms among older residents in rural Northeast China. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: A representative sample of the rural Northeast residents. PARTICIPANTS: This survey was conducted from July 2012 to August 2013 which randomly selected and examined a total of 1717 residents aged ≥ 65 years from the rural Northeast China. MEASUREMENTS: All participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Information on demographic and lifestyle characteristics and blood biochemical indexes were collected by well-trained personnel. RESULTS: The prevalence of depressive symptoms in the elderly was 8.9%. Women had significantly higher prevalence of depressive symptoms than men (13.3% vs.4.6%, P<0.001). Individuals consuming soybeans ≥4times/week had statically lower possibility to have depressive symptoms than those rarely consuming (3.6%vs. 12.5%, P<0.05). In addition to some conventional risk factors like sex, annual income, educational status, current smoking and chronic diseases status were associated with depressive symptoms, proper sleep duration (7-8h/d) [OR(95%CI):0.28(0.15,0.53)] and frequently consumption of soybeans or soybean products [OR (95%CI): 0.36 (0.15,0.87) for 2-3times/week and OR (95%CI):0.50 (0.34,0.74) for ≥4times/week] significantly decreased the risk of depressive symptoms among elderly in rural Northeast China. CONCLUSION: Women had significantly higher prevalence of depressive symptoms than men in rural China. Individuals who rarely consume soybeans or soybean products are more likely to suffer depressive symptoms. Rural elderly residents should be cautiously screened to prevent or treat depression.