Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The optimal dietary pattern of brain age and related diseases remains unclear, and the relationship between dietary metabolomic signature and these conditions is still poorly understood. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study included 13,691 participants from the UK Biobank (53.67% female, mean age 54.9 ± 7.5 years), we investigated the relationship between five healthy dietary patterns and brain age gap (BAG). Metabolomic signatures were constructed using a LASSO model, and multivariable linear regression was applied to examine the relationship between metabolomic signatures and brain age. RESULTS: Higher AHEI-2010 and DASH scores were associated with reduced BAG. Specifically, higher DASH scores reduced BAG in obese populations. Metabolomic signatures accounted for 30.43% and 35.47% of the associations between dietary patterns and BAG, respectively, and were themselves significantly correlated with BAG. CONCLUSION: AHEI-2010/DASH diets and plasma metabolites are associated with brain aging, offering a metabolomic basis for personalized dietary interventions.