Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Early detection and removal of colorectal polyps during colonoscopy are crucial for preventing such cancers. With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, it has become possible to detect and localize colorectal polyps in real time during colonoscopy using computer-aided diagnosis (CAD). This provides a reliable endoscopist reference and leads to more accurate diagnosis and treatment. This paper reviews AI-based algorithms for real-time detection of colorectal polyps, with a particular focus on the development of deep learning algorithms aimed at optimizing both efficiency and correctness. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects of AI-based colorectal polyp detection are discussed.