Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hearing loss, a congenital genetic disorder in human, is difficult to diagnose. Whole exome sequencing is a powerful approach for ethiological disgnosis of such disorders. METHODS: One Iranian family with two patients were attented in the study. Sequencing of known non-syndromic hearing loss genes was carried out to recognize the genetic causes of HL. RESULTS: Molecular analyses identified a novel stop loss mutation, c.1048T>G (p.Term350Glu), whitin the P2RX2 gene, causing a termination-site modification.This event would lead to continued translation into the 3' UTR of the gene, which in turn may result in a longer protein product. The mutation was segregating with the disease phenotype and predicted to be pathogenic by bioinformatic tools. CONCLUSION: This study is the first Iranian case report of a diagnosis of autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss (ADNSHL) caused by P2RX2 mutation. The recognition of other causative mutations in P2RX2 gene more supports the probable function of this gene in causing ADNSHL.