Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), derived from various tissues, are considered an ideal cell source for clinical use, among which MSCs from the umbilical cord exhibit advantages over those from adult tissues. In preclinical studies, mouse models and xenogeneic MSC treatment are most commonly used to imitate diseases and clinical practice, respectively. However, the efficiency of cross‑species therapy remains controversial, making it difficult to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Thus, allogeneic therapy may be more instructive and meaningful in clinical use. To confirm this hypothesis, the present study established a novel method for the isolation and expansion of MSCs from mouse umbilical cords (mUC‑MSCs) to support in vivo experiments in mice. MSCs were isolated from mUCs and mouse bone marrow (mBM), and then identified by flow cytometry. The differences in mUC‑MSCs and mBM‑MSCs were analyzed using a growth curve and their differentiation ability. The results showed that the harvested cells exhibited general characteristics of MSCs and possessed the capacity for long‑term culture. Despite having similar morphology and surface antigens to MSCs derived from mouse bone marrow, the mUC‑MSCs showed differences in purification, proliferation, stem cell markers and differentiation. In addition to detailed characterization, the present study verified the presence of Toll‑like receptor 3 (TLR3), an important component of immune responses, in mUC‑MSCs. It was found that the activation of TLR3 upregulated the levels of stemness‑related proteins, and enhanced the secretion and mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines in the pre‑treated mUC‑MSCs. Collectively, the results of the present study provide further insight into the features of newly established mUC‑MSCs, providing novel evidence for the selection of murine MSCs and their responses to TLR3 priming.