Abstract
BACKGROUND: The high doses of radioiodine-131 ((131)I) and, subsequently, the high radioactive burden for dog and environment warrants optimization of (131)I therapy in dogs with thyroid carcinoma (TC). HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of a revised protocol with recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rhTSH) on tumor radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) in dogs with TC. ANIMALS: Nine client-owned dogs diagnosed with TC. METHODS: A prospective cross-over study in which tumor RAIU was calculated and compared at 8 hours (8h-RAIU) and 24 hours (24h-RAIU) after injection of radioactive iodine-123 ((123)I), once with and once without rhTSH (ie, 250 μg, IM, 24 and 12 hours before (123)I) in each dog. Simultaneously, serum total thyroxine (TT4) and TSH were measured at baseline (T(0)), and 6 (T(6)), 12 (T(12)), 24 (T(24)), and 48 hours (T(48)) after the first rhTSH administration. RESULTS: Tumor RAIU was significantly higher at 24 hours with rhTSH compared to no rhTSH (mean difference = 8.85%, 95% CI of [1.56; 16.14]; P = .03), while this was non-significant at 8 hours (mean difference = 4.54%, 95% CI of [0.35; 8.73]; P = .05). A significant change of serum TT4 (median difference T(24) - T(0) = 35.86 nmol/L, interquartile range [IQR] = 15.74 nmol/L) and TSH (median difference T(24) - T(0) = 1.20 ng/mL, IQR = 1.55 ng/mL) concentrations occurred after administration of rhTSH (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Recombinant human TSH could optimize (131)I treatment in dogs with TC by increasing tumor RAIU and thus (131)I treatment efficacy.