Abstract
Between 1960 and 1974 the incidence of coeliac disease in children under 12 years in County Galway remained fairly constant, but since 1975 it has fallen by 62% and the lowered incidence seems well established. The number of those who were breast fed and the age at which first gluten feeding took place during the 22 years both increased significantly and from the mid-70s total protein content and osmolarity of proprietary cow's milk formulas were reduced. All three factors may be relevant. A negative correlation with the incidence of gastroenteritis was found.