Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and its impact on cardiac function. METHODS: In this retrospective controlled study, 104 AMI patients who underwent PCI at our hospital between September 2021 and December 2024 were consecutively enrolled and assigned to groups based on the treatment period. The control group (n=52) (patients admitted from September 2021 to December 2022) received standard guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT), while the observation group (n=52) (patients admitted from January 2023 to December 2024) received additional intravenous rhBNP treatment for 72 hours on top of GDMT. The therapeutic effects, cardiac ultrasound parameters (LVEF, LVEDD, LVESD, FS), key myocardial injury markers (CK-MB, cTnI), inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α, Hcy), and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) incidence were compared. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to adjust for potential baseline confounders. RESULTS: The observation group demonstrated a significantly higher overall efficacy than the control group (94.23% vs 78.85%, P<0.05). Post-treatment, both groups showed significant improvements in LVEF, FS, LVESD, and reductions in CK-MB, cTnI, IL-6, TNF-α, and Hcy, with the observation group exhibiting more pronounced benefits (P<0.05). The between-group differences remained significant after adjusting for baseline characteristics. The incidence of MACE during the 6-month follow-up was significantly lower in the observation group (5.77% vs 19.23%, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Adjunctive rhBNP therapy after PCI in AMI patients provides significant clinical benefits, including enhanced improvement of cardiac function, reduced myocardial injury and inflammatory stress, and a lower risk of MACE. However, these findings should be interpreted considering the study's limitations, including its retrospective design and single-center nature. Future prospective randomized trials are warranted for confirmation.